Bajd T, Kralj A, Turk R
J Biomech. 1982;15(1):1-10. doi: 10.1016/0021-9290(82)90029-x.
The joint torques in hip, knee and ankle were measured during the standing-up of a healthy subject. Force plate and stroboscopic photography were used in the experiment. It has been observed that the time courses of particular joint torques depend on the kind of standing-up. On the basis of these results a standing-up procedure for paraplegic patients was proposed. With the use of electrical stimulation to both paralyzed knee extensors and through use of the arm support, a completely paraplegic patient was able to rise independently from the wheel-chair. The same dual-channel stimulation also provides knee locking during standing of spinal cord injured patients.
