Pollock M L, Foster C, Schmidt D, Hellman C, Linnerud A C, Ward A
Am Heart J. 1982 Mar;103(3):363-73. doi: 10.1016/0002-8703(82)90275-7.
The purpose of this study was to compare the three most commonly used maximal graded exercise test (GXT) protocols in healthy women. Submaximal and maximal metabolic and hemodynamic responses were determined from two treadmill protocols, Bruce and Balke, and a bicycle protocol, in 49 women. Maximum oxygen uptake (VO2 max) was significantly different among protocols (Bruce=40.3, Balke=38.4, and Bike=36.6 ml/kg . min -1). Maximum heart rate (HR max) was significantly lower during Bike (178 beats/min) than during Bruce (182) and Balke (183) protocols. No differences in rate of increase in HR or systolic blood pressure (BP) per increase in multiples of the rest metabolic (METs) were found between Bruce and Balke protocols. The rate of recovery of HR and systolic BP was not different among tests. Comparisons of active and sedentary groups showed differences in VO2 max and submaximal HR and recovery HR at common minutes; however, the rate of increase in HR and systolic BP during exercise and the rate of decrease during recovery were not significantly different. Prediction of VO2 max with Bruce and Balke protocols from treadmill time was r=0.91 (SEE +/- 2.7 ml/kg . min -1) and r=0.94 (SEE 2.2 ml/kg . min -1), respectively. These data suggest a difference between men and women in increased HR and systolic BP per METs increase in exertion.
本研究的目的是比较健康女性中三种最常用的最大分级运动试验（GXT）方案。对49名女性采用两种跑步机方案（布鲁斯和巴尔克）以及一种自行车方案，测定了次最大和最大代谢及血流动力学反应。各方案之间的最大摄氧量（VO2 max）有显著差异（布鲁斯=40.3，巴尔克=38.4，自行车=36.6毫升/千克·分钟-1）。自行车方案期间的最大心率（HR max）（178次/分钟）显著低于布鲁斯方案（182次/分钟）和巴尔克方案（183次/分钟）。布鲁斯方案和巴尔克方案之间，每增加一倍静息代谢当量（METs）时心率或收缩压（BP）的增加速率没有差异。各测试之间心率和收缩压的恢复速率没有差异。活跃组和久坐组的比较显示，在相同分钟数时，VO2 max、次最大心率和恢复心率存在差异；然而，运动期间心率和收缩压的增加速率以及恢复期间的降低速率没有显著差异。根据跑步机运动时间，用布鲁斯方案和巴尔克方案预测VO2 max的相关系数分别为r=0.91（估计标准误差±2.7毫升/千克·分钟-1）和r=0.94（估计标准误差2.2毫升/千克·分钟-1）。这些数据表明，在运动时每增加一倍METs，男性和女性的心率和收缩压增加情况存在差异。
