Pettitt D J, Lisse J R, Knowler W C, Bennett P H
Am J Epidemiol. 1982 Mar;115(3):359-66. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113313.
Mortality according to body mass index (weight/height2) was studied in 2197 Pima Indians aged 15-74 years, as part of the longitudinal study of diabetes begun in 1965 in the Gila River Indian Community of Arizona. The Pima Indians are a population with a high prevalence of obesity, and they have the highest known incidence of type II (non-insulin dependent) diabetes mellitus. Among males, mortality was greatest in those with a body mass index of at least 40 kg/m2, but obesity had little effect on mortality at body mass indices below 40 kg/m2. Age-specific death rates in women were not consistently related to obesity, although mortality in subjects with diabetes was higher than in those without. In men, diabetes had little effect on mortality. In this study, as in several other mortality studies, the lowest mortality rates were experienced by people with body weights well above those recommended as "desirable" by the Society of Actuaries in 1959. Thus, the applicability of the "desirable" weight standards in common use is questioned.
作为1965年在亚利桑那州吉拉河印第安社区开展的糖尿病纵向研究的一部分，对2197名年龄在15至74岁之间的皮马印第安人，按照体重指数（体重/身高²）研究了死亡率情况。皮马印第安人是肥胖患病率很高的人群，且他们患II型（非胰岛素依赖型）糖尿病的发病率是已知最高的。在男性中，体重指数至少为40千克/平方米的人群死亡率最高，但体重指数低于40千克/平方米时，肥胖对死亡率影响不大。女性的年龄别死亡率与肥胖没有始终如一的关联，尽管患有糖尿病的受试者的死亡率高于未患糖尿病者。在男性中，糖尿病对死亡率影响不大。在这项研究中，与其他几项死亡率研究一样，体重远高于1959年保险精算师协会推荐的“理想”体重的人群死亡率最低。因此，普遍使用的“理想”体重标准的适用性受到质疑。
