Kritchevsky D, Tepper S A, Bises G, Klurfeld D M
Atherosclerosis. 1982 Feb;41(2-3):279-84. doi: 10.1016/0021-9150(82)90192-7.
Rabbits were fed a semipurified, cholesterol-free atherogenic diet containing 40% sucrose, 25% casein, 14% fat, 15% fiber, 5% salt mix and 1% vitamin mix. The fats were corn oil (CO), palm kernel oil (PO), cocoa butter (CB), and coconut oil (CNO). The rabbits were bled at 3, 6, and 9 months and killed at 9 months. Serum lipids of rabbits fed CO were unaffected. Serum cholesterol levels (mg/dl) at 9 months were: CO -- 64; PO -- 436; CB -- 220; and CNO -- 474. HDL-cholesterol (%) was: CO -- 37; PO -- 8.6; CB -- 25.1; and CNO -- 7.0. Average atherosclerosis (arch + thoracic/2) was: CO -- 0.15; PO -- 1.28; CB -- 0.53; and CNO -- 1.60. Cocoa butter (iodine value 33) is significantly less cholesterolemic and atherogenic than palm oil (iodine value 17) or coconut oil (iodine value 6). The difference between the atherogenic effects of cocoa butter and palm oil may lie in the fact that about half of the fatty acids of palm oil are C 16 or shorter, whereas 76% of the fatty acids of cocoa butter are C 18 or longer.
给兔子喂食一种半纯化的、不含胆固醇的致动脉粥样化饮食，该饮食包含40%的蔗糖、25%的酪蛋白、14%的脂肪、15%的纤维、5%的盐混合物和1%的维生素混合物。脂肪来源为玉米油（CO）、棕榈仁油（PO）、可可脂（CB）和椰子油（CNO）。在3个月、6个月和9个月时采集兔子的血液样本，并在9个月时处死兔子。喂食玉米油的兔子血清脂质未受影响。9个月时兔子的血清胆固醇水平（mg/dl）分别为：玉米油组——64；棕榈仁油组——436；可可脂组——220；椰子油组——474。高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（%）分别为：玉米油组——37；棕榈仁油组——8.6；可可脂组——25.1；椰子油组——7.0。平均动脉粥样硬化程度（主动脉弓 + 胸段/2）分别为：玉米油组——0.15；棕榈仁油组——1.28；可可脂组——0.53；椰子油组——1.60。可可脂（碘值33）的致胆固醇血症和致动脉粥样化作用明显低于棕榈油（碘值17）或椰子油（碘值6）。可可脂和棕榈油致动脉粥样化作用的差异可能在于，棕榈油约一半的脂肪酸为C16或更短链，而可可脂76%的脂肪酸为C18或更长链。
