Holloway W R
Neurobehav Toxicol Teratol. 1982 Jan-Feb;4(1):21-32.
The behavioral responses of 1- and 10-day-old rats to caffeine, a central nervous system stimulant, were determined using several behaviors readily exhibited by the neonatal rat. In pups of both ages activity as well as attachment latencies in the on-nipple suckling test increased, while weight gain and attachment frequencies in on-mother and on-nipple suckling tests decreased. In addition, the home orientation of 10-day-old rats was disrupted. Similar effects were found in 1-day-old pups exposed to theophylline. Long term exposure to caffeine during gestation (1-day-old pups) or on days 1--9 of lactation (10-day-old pups) increased the pups' activity levels and altered the activity increase observed following an acute caffeine challenge. The absence of a differential response to theophylline indicated these changes were specific to caffeine. These results indicate that biologically relevant behaviors can be used to assess behavioral alterations in the neonate which arise from prenatal or early postnatal exposure to toxic substances.
利用新生大鼠易于表现出的几种行为，测定了1日龄和10日龄大鼠对中枢神经系统兴奋剂咖啡因的行为反应。在两个年龄段的幼崽中，乳头吸吮试验中的活动以及附着潜伏期均增加，而母鼠哺乳试验和乳头吸吮试验中的体重增加及附着频率均降低。此外，10日龄大鼠的归巢方向受到干扰。在暴露于茶碱的1日龄幼崽中也发现了类似的效应。在妊娠期（1日龄幼崽）或哺乳期第1 - 9天（10日龄幼崽）长期接触咖啡因，会提高幼崽的活动水平，并改变急性咖啡因刺激后观察到的活动增加情况。对茶碱无差异反应表明这些变化是咖啡因特有的。这些结果表明，生物学上相关的行为可用于评估新生儿因产前或产后早期接触有毒物质而产生的行为改变。
