Farrar R P, Ardies C M, Shorey R L, Erickson C K
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1982 Feb;16(2):207-10. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(82)90149-6.
Four groups of female Sprague-Dawley rats received a nutritionally adequate liquid diet formulated for rats. Two groups, one ethanol diet and one control diet swam 6 days/wk for 6 weeks and were designated swim ethanol (SWM-E) and swim control (SWM-C) respectively. Their swimming time increased from 15 min/day on the first day to 2 hrs/day during the final week. One sedentary group received an ethanol diet (SED-E) while another sedentary group received a control diet (SED-C). In the ethanol diet 35% of the calories as ethanol isoenergetically replaced dextrin. The group mean body weights were not different at the end of 6 weeks. The left ventricles of both swimming groups showed similar gains in weight, 13% for the ethanol and 15% for the control. Mitochondrial respiration in the ethanol groups showed a significant depression across substrates and across both pupulations of mitochondria (subsarcolemmal and intermyofibrillar). The swimming-ethanol interaction in the SWM-E group caused an atrophy of the gastrocnemius-plantaris muscle as evidenced by the 13% loss in weight of the muscle. We conclude that chronic ingestion of ethanol will suppress mitochondrial respiration in sedentary and swimming exercised rats, but will not suppress cardiac hypertrophy in the swimming exercised rats. Muscles that are not chronically overloaded by swimming, such as the gastrocnemius-plantaris muscles will undergo atrophy during the swimming protocol of 6 weeks.
四组雌性斯普拉格-道利大鼠接受了为大鼠配制的营养充足的流质饮食。两组，一组给予乙醇饮食，一组给予对照饮食，每周游泳6天，持续6周，分别命名为游泳乙醇组（SWM-E）和游泳对照组（SWM-C）。它们的游泳时间从第一天的每天15分钟增加到最后一周的每天2小时。一组久坐不动的大鼠给予乙醇饮食（SED-E），而另一组久坐不动的大鼠给予对照饮食（SED-C）。在乙醇饮食中，35%的热量由乙醇以等能量方式替代糊精。6周结束时，各组的平均体重没有差异。两个游泳组的左心室重量增加相似，乙醇组增加13%，对照组增加15%。乙醇组的线粒体呼吸在不同底物以及两种线粒体群体（肌膜下和肌原纤维间）中均表现出显著抑制。SWM-E组中游泳与乙醇的相互作用导致腓肠肌-比目鱼肌萎缩，该肌肉重量减轻13%即证明了这一点。我们得出结论，长期摄入乙醇会抑制久坐不动和游泳运动大鼠的线粒体呼吸，但不会抑制游泳运动大鼠的心脏肥大。在6周的游泳实验过程中，未因游泳而长期过度负荷的肌肉，如腓肠肌-比目鱼肌会发生萎缩。
