Morris H L, Krueger L J, Bumsted R M
Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1982 Jan-Feb;91(1 Pt 1):115-8. doi: 10.1177/000348948209100126.
By questionnaire, parents of 28 children with CPI were asked about pregnancy and delivery; speech, developmental, and health history; and the circumstances of the CPI diagnosis. A normal control group was used for comparison. CPI children had lower birth weights and, during early childhood, were more poorly understood by parents and more frequently had nasalized speech. In 50%, CPI diagnosis was made following adenoidectomy. Data and clinical findings indicate that possible predictors of CPI are unusually defective speech production, particularly characterized by nasalization, as a young child; a short or poorly mobile palate; anterior dimpling of the soft palate during elevation; radiographic abnormalities of the cervical vertebrae; neurologic abnormalities (developmental milestones or clinical examination); and nasal leakage of liquids as a very young infant. Temporary velopharyngeal incompetence and nasalized speech may occur in the normal patient following adenoidectomy but the disorder resolves in a day or two. Persistent nasalized speech following adenoidectomy indicates the likelihood of CPI; such a patient requires evaluation by a speech pathologist and possible surgical correction.
通过问卷调查，研究人员询问了28名患有腭咽闭合不全（CPI）儿童的父母有关妊娠和分娩情况、言语、发育及健康史，以及CPI诊断的相关情况。研究采用了一个正常对照组进行比较。患有CPI的儿童出生体重较低，在幼儿期，父母对他们的理解较差，且鼻音化言语更为常见。50%的CPI诊断是在腺样体切除术后做出的。数据和临床发现表明，CPI的可能预测因素包括幼儿期异常的言语产生缺陷，尤其是以鼻音化为特征；腭短或活动不良；软腭抬高时软腭前部凹陷；颈椎的影像学异常；神经学异常（发育里程碑或临床检查）；以及婴儿期出现液体经鼻漏出。正常患者在腺样体切除术后可能会出现暂时性腭咽闭合不全和鼻音化言语，但这种情况会在一两天内缓解。腺样体切除术后持续的鼻音化言语表明存在CPI的可能性；这样的患者需要言语病理学家进行评估，并可能需要手术矫正。
