Weckenmann M
Basic Res Cardiol. 1982 Jan-Feb;77(1):100-16. doi: 10.1007/BF01908135.
The pulse and respiration rate of normal people in a recumbant position has a fairly high degree of coordination. This increases in a upright position. In patients with orthostatic hypotension the degree of coordination is fairly low when lying and mostly decreases when standing. - The rhythmic regulation of the bradycard subgroup of the patients with orthostatic hypotension is still relatively strong, but the hypotension is extreme; that of the tachycard subgroup is extremely unstable, but the hypotension is not so marked. As collapse occurs with the same frequency in both subgroups, blood pressure and rhythmic regulation must be able to compensate each other to a certain degree. - Normal values can be detected by observing regulative optima. The marked optimum in an upright position is found by a pulse rate of 80-85 min-1, a respiration rate of 16-18 min-1 and a QP/R of 5. A minor, second optimum exists near a pulse rate of 100-105 min-1, a respiration rate of 14-15 min-1 and a QP/R of 7. - In patients with orthostatic hypotension these optima also can occur but sometimes less markedly. It can thus be accepted that the normal regulative process is latent more or less in ill people. This becomes particularly meaningful for all methods of therapies which strengthen this regulative process. - As in pathological cases a minor, second optimum is found in the regulative process, illness cannot mean a total loss of order but merely a reorganisation.
正常人卧位时脉搏与呼吸频率有相当高的协调性。立位时这种协调性增强。直立性低血压患者卧位时协调性相当低，站立时大多降低。——直立性低血压患者心动过缓亚组的节律调节仍相对较强，但低血压严重；心动过速亚组的节律调节极不稳定，但低血压不那么明显。由于两个亚组发生虚脱的频率相同，血压和节律调节必须在一定程度上相互补偿。——通过观察调节最佳值可检测到正常值。立位时明显的最佳值为脉搏率80 - 85次/分钟、呼吸率16 - 18次/分钟和QP/R为5。在脉搏率100 - 105次/分钟、呼吸率14 - 15次/分钟和QP/R为7附近存在一个较小的、次要的最佳值。——直立性低血压患者也可能出现这些最佳值，但有时不太明显。因此可以认为，正常的调节过程在患病者中或多或少是潜在的。这对于所有增强这种调节过程的治疗方法尤为重要。——由于在病理情况下调节过程中会发现一个较小的、次要的最佳值，疾病并不意味着完全失去秩序，而仅仅是一种重新组织。
