In vitro proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells in the absence of an adherent monolayer.

Experiments on long-term murine bone marrow cultures indicate that the production and maintenance of the hematopoietic stem cell is dependent on the establishment of an adherent monolayer and a secondary repopulation of the culture with fresh marrow. In contrast, we have found that bone marrow cultures derived from the Syrian hamster do not require a repopulation step and produce stem cells that proliferate and differentiate for more than 12 wk in the absence of an adherent layer. Stem cells were grown in Fisher's medium (pH 7.0-7.2) containing 20% horse serum in a fully humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2 in air at 37 degrees C. Cultures were fed twice weekly by removal of half of the medium and supernatant cells and replacement with an equal volume of fresh medium. No hormones or exogenous growth factors were required for the maintenance of myeloid cells, monocytes, and megakaryocytes in either the adherent or suspension cells cultures.