Kuehn K, Fraser C B, Sunderman F W
Carcinogenesis. 1982;3(3):321-6. doi: 10.1093/carcin/3.3.321.
Phagocytic indices of 17 nickel compounds were measured in vitro in monolayer cultures of rat peritoneal macrophages. The macrophages were exposed for 1 h at 37 degrees C to particles (1.5 micrometer median diameter) of the nickel compounds, at concentrations of 10 microgram/ml of medium (2 microgram/cm2 of monolayer). Phagocytic induces (i.e., the percentages of macrophages with one or more engulfed particles) ranged from 69% (NiO) to 3% (amorphous NiS). In order to decreasing phagocytic indices, the 17 nickel compounds were ranked as follows: NiO greater than Ni4FeS4 greater than NiTiO3 greater than NiSe greater than alpha Ni3S2 greater than Ni greater than Ni5As2 greater than NiS2 greater than NiFe alloy greater than NiSb greater than Ni11As8 greater Ni3-Se2 greater than beta NiS greater than NiTe greater than NiAs greater than NiAsS greater than amorphous NiS. Rank-correlation (P less than 0.03) was observed between the phagocytic indices of the nickel compounds and their dissolution half-times in rat serum. Nickel subsulfide, alpha Ni3S2, was a notable exception to the general concordance between phagocytic indices and dissolution half-times: alpha Ni3S2 was avidly phagocytized by macrophages, yet it had one or the shortest dissolution half-times. Preliminary results of carcinogenesis tests of 14 of the nickel compounds do not indicate significant rank-correlation between the phagocytic indices of the nickel compounds and the sarcoma incidences at 1 yr after i.m. administration of the compounds to rats.
在大鼠腹膜巨噬细胞单层培养物中对17种镍化合物的吞噬指数进行了体外测定。将巨噬细胞在37℃下暴露于镍化合物颗粒（中位直径1.5微米）1小时，浓度为每毫升培养基10微克（每平方厘米单层2微克）。吞噬诱导率（即含有一个或多个吞噬颗粒的巨噬细胞百分比）范围从69%（氧化镍）到3%（无定形硫化镍）。为了降低吞噬指数，将这17种镍化合物排序如下：氧化镍＞四硫化四铁镍＞钛酸镍＞硒化镍＞α-三硫化二镍＞镍＞砷化镍＞二硫化镍＞镍铁合金＞锑化镍＞砷化镍11＞三硒化二镍＞β-硫化镍＞碲化镍＞砷化镍＞硫砷化镍＞无定形硫化镍。观察到镍化合物的吞噬指数与其在大鼠血清中的溶解半衰期之间存在等级相关性（P＜0.03）。亚硫化镍α-三硫化二镍是吞噬指数与溶解半衰期之间总体一致性的一个显著例外：α-三硫化二镍被巨噬细胞大量吞噬，但其溶解半衰期却是最短的一个或之一。对其中14种镍化合物进行致癌试验的初步结果表明，在给大鼠肌肉注射这些化合物1年后，镍化合物的吞噬指数与肉瘤发生率之间没有显著的等级相关性。
