Mall-Haefeli M
Fortschr Med. 1982 Apr 29;100(16):723-8.
Among modern contraceptive methods hormonal contraceptive agents, due to their reliability, are preferred. Nevertheless, it has to be considered that these steroidal hormones and their metabolites do not only possess an ovulation inhibitory effect, but that they also influence other systems, such as carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, blood clotting, fluid balance, plasma proteins as well as the entire hormonal system. These multiple side effects have positive and negative influences. By reducing the doses of estrogens and progestagens occurrence of unpleasant adverse reactions has been decreased. Some years ago, the estrogen content of oral contraceptive preparations was considered to be noxious while a favourable effect was attributed to the progestagen content. The results of biochemical studies yielded a better understanding of the effect of steroidal hormones on lipid metabolism. Fertility problems occurring after discontinuation of oral contraceptive treatment are mainly observed in women who, prior to use of oral contraceptive agents have already been suffering from functional cycle disturbances. Ovulation inhibitory preparations may also be given to adolescent girls with immature cycles. As the juvenile endocrine system is adaptable, after cessation of the ovulation inhibitory effect, the cycle returns to pretreatment patterns. It may now even be possible to administer hormonal contraceptive agents to treat endocrine disturbances.
在现代避孕方法中，激素类避孕药因其可靠性而更受青睐。然而，必须考虑到这些甾体激素及其代谢产物不仅具有抑制排卵的作用，还会影响其他系统，如碳水化合物和脂质代谢、血液凝固、体液平衡、血浆蛋白以及整个激素系统。这些多种副作用具有正反两方面的影响。通过降低雌激素和孕激素的剂量，不愉快不良反应的发生率有所降低。几年前，口服避孕药制剂中的雌激素含量被认为是有害的，而孕激素含量则被认为有有利作用。生化研究结果使人们对甾体激素对脂质代谢的影响有了更好的理解。口服避孕药治疗停药后出现的生育问题主要在使用口服避孕药之前就已患有功能性周期紊乱的女性中观察到。排卵抑制制剂也可给予月经周期不成熟的青春期女孩。由于青少年内分泌系统具有适应性，在排卵抑制作用停止后，月经周期会恢复到治疗前的模式。现在甚至有可能使用激素类避孕药来治疗内分泌紊乱。
