McMichael A J, Hartshorne J M
Med J Aust. 1982 Mar 20;1(6):253-6.
Analysis of patterns of male mortality in Australia during 1968-1978 shows elevated death rates from liver cirrhosis, alcoholism and alcoholic psychosis in various rural, service, and "blue-collar" occupations. The risks of mortality from lung cancer and cancers of the upper alimentary tract and larynx--sites influenced by alcohol and tobacco consumption--are raised in the latter two groups. In contrast, the risks of mortality from cancer of the colon, thought to be influenced by dietary "affluence", are consistently higher for professional and "white-collar" groups. As reported in other populations, stomach cancer mortality risks are higher for service and blue-collar groups. The risks of mortality from coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular disease are also higher, albeit moderately, for these two groups. The consideration of personal behaviour as a reflection of socioeconomic and subcultural influences is a prerequisite to effective community health education.
对1968年至1978年间澳大利亚男性死亡率模式的分析表明，在各种农村、服务业和“蓝领”职业中，肝硬化、酗酒和酒精性精神病导致的死亡率有所上升。后两组中，受酒精和烟草消费影响的肺癌、上消化道癌和喉癌的死亡风险有所增加。相比之下，结肠癌的死亡风险被认为受饮食“富足”的影响，专业人员和“白领”群体的风险一直较高。正如在其他人群中所报道的那样，服务业和蓝领群体的胃癌死亡风险更高。这两组人群中，冠心病和脑血管疾病的死亡风险也较高，尽管只是适度升高。将个人行为视为社会经济和亚文化影响的反映，是有效的社区健康教育的先决条件。
