Pathak S C, Nigam J M, Peshin P K, Singh A P
Am J Vet Res. 1982 May;43(5):875-8.
Ketamine HCl was evaluated as a general anesthetic alone and in combination with chlorpromazine HCl on the basis of sedative and cardiovascular effects in 40 buffalo calves (Bubalus bubalis). Calves were rapidly immobilized after IV administration of ketamine HCl (2 mg/kg of body weight). Preanesthetic treatment of calves with chlorpromazine increased the duration of analgesia, standing and recovery times, and the degree of muscle relaxation. The duration and degree of analgesia obtained were adequate for short-term surgical procedures. All animals survived the anesthetic trials, and recovery was smooth and rapid. Hemodynamic studies revealed increases in heart rate, mean blood pressure, cardiac output, and peripheral vascular resistance during maximal depth of anesthesia. The venous pressure decreased initially and then increased progressively. Increases and decreases in these measurements were transient, and the measurements returned to base-line values within 30 minutes after ketamine administration. Definite trends were not seen on ECG tracings, except for elevations and depressions of ST segment, T-wave changes, and wandering pacemaker in a few animals, and sinus tachycardia in all animals.
基于对40头水牛犊（水牛属）的镇静和心血管效应，对盐酸氯胺酮单独以及与盐酸氯丙嗪联合作为全身麻醉剂进行了评估。静脉注射盐酸氯胺酮（2毫克/千克体重）后，犊牛迅速被麻醉。用氯丙嗪对犊牛进行麻醉前处理，可延长镇痛时间、站立和恢复时间，并提高肌肉松弛程度。所获得的镇痛持续时间和程度足以进行短期外科手术。所有动物均在麻醉试验中存活，恢复顺利且迅速。血流动力学研究显示，在麻醉最深时，心率、平均血压、心输出量和外周血管阻力增加。静脉压最初下降，然后逐渐升高。这些测量值的增减是短暂的，在注射氯胺酮后30分钟内测量值恢复到基线值。除少数动物出现ST段抬高和压低、T波改变、游走心律以及所有动物出现窦性心动过速外，心电图记录未发现明确趋势。
