Microsurgical approach to the temporomandibular joint. A new horizon.

The operating microscope has revolutionized many surgical procedures. To my knowledge, this article records for the first time, pioneering microtechniques for exploring and reconstructing the temporomandibular joint. Determination of pathologic conditions and observation of temporomandibular joint function-dysfunction are dramatic and rewarding. Precision surgery using microinstruments, microneedles, microdrills, and bipolar cautery allows accuracy of technique that previously was impossible. Two representative case presentations illustrate patient treatment, microsurgical technique employed, and clinical results obtained.