Schauseil-Zipf U, Harden A, Hoare R D, Lyen K R, Lingam S, Marshall W C, Pampiglione G
Eur J Pediatr. 1982 Mar;138(2):154-61. doi: 10.1007/BF00441144.
In the initial phase of HSE the clinical symptomatology is more variable and insidious in babies and young children than in older children and adults. Combined clinical, neurophysiological and neuroradiological studies have been carried out in 12 children with proven HSE. Ten patients had the first EEGs taken during the acute phase of the illness and all showed large amplitude irregular slow activity, sharp waves and often spikes with variable distribution; in 7 cases periodic phenomena were recognisable. At a later stage localised low amplitude EEG activities were found in children with focal neurological symptoms. Areas of low attenuation were seen in the CT scans of the 7 children who had this investigation done at an early stage of their illness. Such low density regions persisted at follow-up and eventually cerebral atrophy with irregular features became obvious. Prompt EEG investigations combined with CT scans provide an early diagnostic clue for treatment. Follow-up EEG studies (including VEP) and CT scans may help assess the severity of residual cerebral damage in the survivors.
在单纯疱疹病毒性脑炎（HSE）的初始阶段，婴儿和年幼儿童的临床症状学比大龄儿童和成人更具变异性且隐匿性更强。对12例已确诊为HSE的儿童进行了临床、神经生理学和神经放射学联合研究。10例患者在疾病急性期进行了首次脑电图检查，所有检查结果均显示有大幅度不规则慢波活动、尖波，且常有棘波，分布各异；7例出现了周期性现象。在疾病后期，有局灶性神经症状的儿童出现了局部低振幅脑电图活动。7例在疾病早期进行了此项检查的儿童，其CT扫描显示有低密度区。此类低密度区域在随访中持续存在，最终出现了特征不规则的脑萎缩。及时进行脑电图检查并结合CT扫描可为治疗提供早期诊断线索。随访脑电图研究（包括视觉诱发电位）和CT扫描可能有助于评估幸存者残留脑损伤的严重程度。
