Miller R D, Kakkis J
J Reprod Med. 1982 Apr;27(4):199-201.
The diagnosis and management of obstructive lesions of the urinary tract in pregnancy are hindered by lack of criteria for performing intravenous pyelography (IVP). The majority of obstructive lesions are caused by the gravid uterus; however, an important treatable cause is urinary tract calculi. In order to establish valid criteria for performing IVP in pregnancy, the intravenous pyelograms from 11 pregnant patients with urinary tract symptoms over a six-year period were evaluated. The clinical indications for urography, management of patients with urinary tract obstruction and the pregnancy outcome were studied and compared to those cases reported in the literature.
孕期尿路梗阻性病变的诊断和处理因缺乏静脉肾盂造影（IVP）的执行标准而受到阻碍。大多数梗阻性病变是由妊娠子宫引起的；然而，一个重要的可治疗病因是尿路结石。为了建立孕期进行IVP的有效标准，对11例在六年期间有尿路症状的孕妇的静脉肾盂造影进行了评估。研究了尿路造影的临床指征、尿路梗阻患者的处理以及妊娠结局，并与文献报道的病例进行了比较。
