Brake J, Baker M, Morgan G W, Thaxton P
Poult Sci. 1982 Apr;61(4):790-5. doi: 10.3382/ps.0610790.
Packed cell volume and circulating leucocyte numbers in force-molted, Single Comb White Leghorn (SCWL) hens were examined. Two groups of SCWL hens, reared under commercial conditions, were subjected to force molting (FM) at 70 (Trial 2) and 72 weeks of age (Trial 1). The force molting procedure consisted of a reduced photoperiod (6 hr), feed removal for 12 days (Trials 1 and 2), and water withdrawal for 1 day (Trial 1 only). Cessation of egg production was achieved in 6 days. Control (CON) hens were maintained in each trial with no change in daylength, and feed and water were available ad libitum. The FM hens exhibited a significant increase in packed cell volume (PCV) from the time of feed removal until immediately prior to resumption of egg production. This effect was not associated with water deprivation. The FM hens exhibited numerically increased numbers of total leucocytes (TWBC) and monocytes throughout the nonlaying period. However, the increase was significant on Day 14 of both trials for TWBC and on Days 21 and 35 (Trial 1) and Days 14 and 48 (Trial 2) for monocytes. A significant eosinophilia was observed on Days 7 and 14 of both trials. Changes associated with lymphocytes, heterophils, and basophils were inconsistent. Lymphocytes were increased significantly in the FM hens of Trial 2 from Day 21 to Day 48, but no significant difference occurred in Trial 1. A heterophilia was exhibited by the FM hens of Trial 1 on Days 7 and 14, but not in Trial 2. Conversely, a significant basophilia was observed on Days 7 and 14 in Trial 2, but not in Trial 1. These data suggested that an increased PCV, eosinophilia, and possibly increased TWBC and monocyte numbers were associated with a forced molt in caged SCWL hens.
对强制换羽的单冠白来航（SCWL）母鸡的红细胞压积和循环白细胞数量进行了检测。两组在商业条件下饲养的SCWL母鸡，分别在70周龄（试验2）和72周龄（试验1）时进行强制换羽（FM）。强制换羽程序包括缩短光照周期（6小时）、停喂12天（试验1和试验2）以及停水1天（仅试验1）。6天内停止产蛋。每个试验中都设有对照（CON）组母鸡，光照时长不变，饲料和水可自由采食。从停喂开始到恢复产蛋前，FM组母鸡的红细胞压积（PCV）显著增加。这种影响与缺水无关。在整个停产期，FM组母鸡的总白细胞（TWBC）和单核细胞数量在数值上有所增加。然而，在两个试验的第14天，TWBC数量的增加具有显著性；在试验1的第21天和第35天以及试验2的第14天和第48天，单核细胞数量的增加具有显著性。在两个试验的第7天和第14天均观察到显著的嗜酸性粒细胞增多。与淋巴细胞、异嗜性粒细胞和嗜碱性粒细胞相关的变化并不一致。试验2中，FM组母鸡从第21天到第48天淋巴细胞显著增加，但试验1中未出现显著差异。试验1中，FM组母鸡在第7天和第14天表现出异嗜性粒细胞增多，但试验2中没有。相反，试验2在第7天和第14天观察到显著的嗜碱性粒细胞增多，但试验1中没有。这些数据表明，红细胞压积增加、嗜酸性粒细胞增多以及可能的总白细胞和单核细胞数量增加与笼养SCWL母鸡的强制换羽有关。
