Intra-operative real-time ultrasonic guidance of intracranial shunt tube placement in infants.

Real-time-intra-operative ultrasonography via the anterior fontanelle, previously employed in hydrocephalic infants to guide placement of the proximal end of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt, was used to establish a cystoperitoneal shunt in 2 infants with an enlarging midline brain cyst and to simultaneously confirm the presence of an intraventricular abscess and establish drainage in a third infant.