Comparison of family-care and group homes as alternatives to institutions.

Two residential alternatives, family-care and group homes, for deinstitutionalized mentally retarded adults were compared. Residents in both settings displayed essentially no improvement in self-care skills. Individuals placed in family-care homes were significantly more likely to improve their maladaptive behavior. Individuals in group homes were more likely to improve in community living skills. Residents of both settings were equally likely to have friends, maintain ongoing contact with family, and make use of community resources. A differential use of family-care and group homes was suggested.