Babin R W, Graves N N, Rose E F
Am J Otolaryngol. 1982 May-Jun;3(3):168-73. doi: 10.1016/s0196-0709(82)80050-1.
The temporal bones of a 2-year-old child who had drowned were examined histopathologically. The abnormalities were limited to the submucosa and lumen of the tympanomastoid space. Abnormalities included severe edema, vascular congestion, and focal ecchymosis without inflammation in the submucosa and hemorrhage into the tympanomastoid air space. To determine the incidence of tympanomastoid hemorrhage in autopsy material, 258 temporal bones were reviewed, and 11 were found to have free blood in the tympanomastoid space. When specimens from victims of skull fractures, cerebrovascular accidents, and leukemia were excluded from the 11, the only specimen remaining was found to be that from a drowning victim. Tympanomastoid hemorrhage in the absence of otitis media, head trauma, cerebrovascular accident, or a bleeding diathesis appears to be strong supporting evidence for death by drowning.
对一名溺水身亡的2岁儿童的颞骨进行了组织病理学检查。异常情况仅限于鼓室乳突腔的黏膜下层和管腔。异常表现包括严重水肿、血管充血，黏膜下层有局灶性瘀斑但无炎症，以及鼓室乳突气腔出血。为了确定尸检材料中鼓室乳突出血的发生率，对258块颞骨进行了检查，发现11块颞骨的鼓室乳突腔内有游离血液。当从这11块颞骨中排除颅骨骨折、脑血管意外和白血病受害者的标本后，发现唯一剩下的标本来自一名溺水受害者。在没有中耳炎、头部外伤、脑血管意外或出血性疾病的情况下，鼓室乳突出血似乎是溺水死亡的有力证据。
