肉牛×肉牛以及奶牛×肉牛的母畜与安格斯和夏洛来种公牛杂交二代。犊牛生长、断奶率及母牛生产力。

Beef X beef and dairy X beef females mated to Angus and Charolais sires II. Calf growth, weaning rate and cow productivity.

作者信息

Nelson L A, Beavers G D, Stewart T S

出版信息

J Anim Sci. 1982 Jun;54(6):1150-9. doi: 10.2527/jas1982.5461150x.

DOI:10.2527/jas1982.5461150x

Abstract

Preweaning growth of 814 progeny was studied, and weaning rate and kilograms of calf weaned/cow exposed were determined for 310, 2- to 7-yr-old angus x Hereford (AH), Charolais X Hereford (CH), straight bred Hereford (HH) and Brown Swiss X Hereford (SH) cows mated to Angus and Charolais bulls. Charolais-sired calves grew more rapidly (P less than .01) then Angussired calves were heavier (P less than .01) at 130 and 210 d of age. Progeny of SH females grew faster (P less than .05) and were the heaviest at 130 (164 kg) and 210 (231 kg) d, whereas calves from HH dams grew the slowest and weighed the least (P less than 0.5) at 130 (125 kg) and 210 (180 kg) d of age. Progeny from AH and CH dams had similar 130-d weights (CW130) and made similar daily gains from birth to 130 of age (ADGI). Calves from CH females gained faster (P less than .05) from 130 to 210 d (ADG2) and had higher (P less than .05) 210-d weights (CW210) than did calves from AH dams. ADG1 and ADG2 of male calves were .043 and .072 kg/d greater, respectively (P less than .01) than those of heifer calves. Age of dam influenced (P less than .01) calf preweaning gains and weights. Calves from 4- to 7-yr old cows had greater (P less than .05) ADG1 and ADG2 and higher (P less than .05) CW130 and CW210 than progeny of younger dams. Progeny of 2-yr-old cows grew more slowly (P less than .05), and were last (P less than .05) in all traits (ADG1, ADG2, CW130 and CW210), whereas progeny of 3-yr-old cows were intermediate to those of 2 and 4- to 7-yr-old females. Cow breed type influenced (P less than .01) weaning rate (WR) and kilograms of calf weaned/cow exposed. SH females has the highest WR (83.4%), AH and CH were intermediate at 76 .8 and 77.7%, respectively, and HH dams had the lowest (P less than .05) WR, 66.4 calves/100 cows exposed. SH cows weaned 34.6 kg more (P less than .05) calf/cow exposed than AH and CH dams. HH dams were least productive (P less than .05), weaning 122.3 kg calf/cow exposed. Dairy X beef dams (SH) weaned 47.6 kg more (P less than .01) calf/cow exposed than the average of beef X beef dams (AH, CH, HH). Dairy X beef females had the highest WR and weaned the heaviest calves.

摘要

对814头后代的断奶前生长情况进行了研究，并测定了310头2至7岁的安格斯×赫里福德（AH）、夏洛来×赫里福德（CH）、纯种赫里福德（HH）和瑞士褐牛×赫里福德（SH）母牛与安格斯和夏洛来公牛交配后的断奶率以及每头受配母牛的断奶犊牛体重。夏洛来公牛所生的犊牛生长速度更快（P<0.01），在130日龄和210日龄时，安格斯公牛所生的犊牛体重更重（P<0.01）。SH母牛的后代生长速度更快（P<0.05），在130日龄（164千克）和210日龄（231千克）时体重最重，而HH母牛所生的犊牛生长最慢，在130日龄（125千克）和210日龄（180千克）时体重最轻（P<0.05）。AH和CH母牛的后代在130日龄时体重（CW130）相似，从出生到130日龄的日增重（ADGI）也相似。CH母牛所生的犊牛在130至210日龄期间增重更快（P<0.05）（ADG2），210日龄时体重（CW210）也更高（P<0.05），高于AH母牛所生的犊牛。雄性犊牛的ADG1和ADG2分别比雌性犊牛高0.043千克/天和0.072千克/天（P<0.01）。母牛的年龄影响（P<0.01）犊牛断奶前的增重和体重。4至7岁母牛所生的犊牛ADG1和ADG2更高（P<0.05），CW130和CW210也更高（P<0.05），高于年轻母牛所生的后代。2岁母牛所生的后代生长更慢（P<0.05），在所有性状（ADG1、ADG2、CW130和CW210）方面均排在最后（P<0.05），而3岁母牛所生的后代在2岁和4至7岁母牛所生后代之间。母牛品种类型影响（P<0.01）断奶率（WR）以及每头受配母牛的断奶犊牛体重。SH母牛的WR最高（83.4%），AH和CH居中，分别为76.8%和77.7%，HH母牛的WR最低（P<0.05），每100头受配母牛断奶66.4头犊牛。SH母牛每头受配母牛的断奶犊牛体重比AH和CH母牛多34.6千克（P<0.05）。HH母牛的生产效率最低（P<0.05），每头受配母牛断奶122.3千克犊牛。乳用×肉用母牛（SH）每头受配母牛的断奶犊牛体重比肉用×肉用母牛（AH、CH、HH）的平均水平多47.6千克（P<0.01）。乳用×肉用母牛的WR最高，断奶犊牛体重最重。