The context of involuntary commitment on the basis of danger to others: a study of the use of the California 14-day certificate.

This study examines the applications of civil commitment criteria for prolonged (14-day) involuntary hospitalization of individuals judged to be dangerous to others by reason of mental illness. The California Civil Commitment Statute (Lanterman-Petris-Short, LPS) provides for such commitment, after a 72-hour period of observations. For a sample of 71 males on an acute inpatient unit, we examined the relationship between 14-day certification by reason of dangerousness to others (DO) under the LPS and measures of prehospitalization dangerousness, prior legal status, assaultive behavior in hospital, and mental status. The 31 per cent of subjects who were certified as DO were found to have been significantly more often held initially for 72-hour observation on the DO grounds than were patients who were certified for other reasons. However, subjects in the DO group were no different from the contrast groups on ratings of assaultiveness of preadmission behavior and of violent acts while in hospital. The implications of these results for the evaluation of civil commitment proceedings are discussed.