Bousquet J, Menardo J L, Allouche J, Michel F B
Nouv Presse Med. 1982;11(32):2405-10.
The venom injected with the sting of female Hymenoptera may be very dangerous to man. It contains toxic compounds similar to those of snake venom but these only affect men in case of numerous stings at the same time. In contrast, about 25% of the population may become sensitized to venom proteins (enzymes), the least common, but most serious, allergic reactions being anaphylactic shock, rarely fatal. Diagnosis rests upon questioning, skin tests with Hymenoptera venom and immunological investigations for specific IgE and IgG, the latter being considered as protective antibodies. First-aid treatment consists of adrenaline by inhalation and injection. The latest prophylactic treatment, which may protect 97% of the patients, is injections of Hymenoptera venom extracts.
雌性膜翅目昆虫叮咬注入的毒液对人类可能非常危险。它含有与蛇毒类似的有毒化合物，但只有在同时多次被叮咬的情况下才会对人类产生影响。相比之下，约25%的人群可能会对毒液蛋白（酶）产生过敏，最不常见但最严重的过敏反应是过敏性休克，很少致命。诊断基于询问、用膜翅目昆虫毒液进行皮肤试验以及针对特异性IgE和IgG的免疫学检查，后者被视为保护性抗体。急救治疗包括吸入和注射肾上腺素。最新的预防性治疗是注射膜翅目昆虫毒液提取物，可保护97%的患者。
