Calne D B
Clin Neuropharmacol. 1982;5 Suppl 1:S38-43. doi: 10.1097/00002826-198200051-00007.
Each of the various antiparkinsonian agents plays a role in the management of patients in varying stages of the disease. Newly diagnosed patients rarely require any treatment; those with moderate manifestations may benefit from treatment with either amantadine or with anticholinergic agents. Levodopa therapy is indicated in patients with severe disease or when the patient's livelihood or psychologic well-being is threatened by parkinsonian manifestations. Dyskinesia, dementia, or "on-off" phenomena associated with chronic levodopa therapy may be managed by the use of ergot derivatives, drug holidays, and in special circumstances, stereotactic surgery.
各类抗帕金森病药物在该疾病不同阶段的患者管理中均发挥着作用。新诊断的患者很少需要任何治疗；症状中等的患者可能会从金刚烷胺或抗胆碱能药物治疗中获益。对于重症患者或帕金森病表现威胁到患者生计或心理健康时，应采用左旋多巴治疗。与慢性左旋多巴治疗相关的运动障碍、痴呆或“开-关”现象可通过使用麦角衍生物、药物假期以及在特殊情况下采用立体定向手术来处理。
