DeStefano F, Peterson H B, Layde P M, Rubin G L
Obstet Gynecol. 1982 Sep;60(3):326-30.
To determine the impact of tubal sterilization on the overall incidence of ectopic pregnancy, the authors compared reported incidence rates of ectopic pregnancy after tubal sterilization with the rates associated with other contraceptive methods or no contraception. For each contraceptive method they then calculated the cumulative lifetime risk of ectopic pregnancy from the age at which a final contraceptive choice was made. Tubal sterilization was found to be associated with a lower cumulative lifetime risk of ectopic pregnancy than no contraception or use of an intrauterine contraceptive device. Tubal sterilization carries a somewhat higher risk of ectopic pregnancy than do barrier methods of contraception. Oral contraceptives are associated with a much lower ectopic pregnancy for most than any other contraceptive method or no contraception. Overall, however, the risk of an ectopic pregnancy for most women undergoing tubal sterilization in the United States is estimated to be lower than if they had not been sterilized and had continued their previous contraceptive practices.
为了确定输卵管绝育术对异位妊娠总体发生率的影响，作者将输卵管绝育术后报告的异位妊娠发生率与其他避孕方法或未采取避孕措施的发生率进行了比较。然后，对于每种避孕方法，他们从做出最终避孕选择的年龄开始计算异位妊娠的累积终生风险。结果发现，与未采取避孕措施或使用宫内节育器相比，输卵管绝育术的异位妊娠累积终生风险较低。输卵管绝育术的异位妊娠风险比屏障避孕法略高。对于大多数人来说，口服避孕药导致的异位妊娠风险比其他任何避孕方法或未采取避孕措施都要低得多。然而，总体而言，在美国，大多数接受输卵管绝育术的女性发生异位妊娠的风险估计低于未绝育且继续采用先前避孕方式的情况。
