Fidanza A, Audisio M
Acta Vitaminol Enzymol. 1982;4(1-2):105-14.
Vitamins play an essential role in lipid metabolism reactions and their presence is therefore absolutely necessary for these reaction to occur. The effect of pantothenic acid, niacin and riboflavin is here described. By transformation into coenzymes these vitamins are involved in fatty acid synthesis and oxidation reactions. Other vitamins, like vitamin B12, folic acid, vitamin C, and essential fatty acids influence lipid metabolism by different mechanisms. Coenzyme B12 and folate coenzyme provide to balance, by methionine synthesis, the pool of methyl radicals necessary for phospholipid biosynthesis. By its involvement in the microsomal respiratory chain, vitamin C promotes cholesterol transformation into bile acids. The essential fatty acids, mainly linoleic acid, are directly connected with cholesterol transport and plasma cholesterol decrease. It is suggested that many lipid metabolism disorders may be due to primary and secondary hypovitaminosis. Nicotinic acid and its derivatives have a particular pharmacological effect since they cause a HDL increase with LDL decrease and improve cholesterol transfer from LDL to HDL. Results of several experiments on the influence of pantothenic acid on polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism are eventually reported, and these data are related to the effect of the administration of vitamin C at high doses on total cholesterol, triglyceride, lipoprotein, vitamin C and fatty acids of the different plasma lipid fractions.
维生素在脂质代谢反应中起着至关重要的作用，因此其存在对于这些反应的发生绝对必要。本文描述了泛酸、烟酸和核黄素的作用。通过转化为辅酶，这些维生素参与脂肪酸的合成和氧化反应。其他维生素，如维生素B12、叶酸、维生素C和必需脂肪酸，通过不同机制影响脂质代谢。辅酶B12和叶酸辅酶通过甲硫氨酸合成来平衡磷脂生物合成所需的甲基基团池。维生素C通过参与微粒体呼吸链，促进胆固醇转化为胆汁酸。必需脂肪酸，主要是亚油酸，与胆固醇转运和血浆胆固醇降低直接相关。有人认为，许多脂质代谢紊乱可能是由于原发性和继发性维生素缺乏症。烟酸及其衍生物具有特殊的药理作用，因为它们能使高密度脂蛋白增加，低密度脂蛋白降低，并改善胆固醇从低密度脂蛋白向高密度脂蛋白的转移。最终报告了几项关于泛酸对多不饱和脂肪酸代谢影响的实验结果，这些数据与高剂量维生素C给药对不同血浆脂质组分的总胆固醇、甘油三酯、脂蛋白、维生素C和脂肪酸的影响有关。
