Kang Y G, Abouleish E, Caritis S
Anesth Analg. 1982 Oct;61(10):839-42.
Ephedrine sulfate was administered to 44 healthy parturients undergoing elective repeat cesarean section under spinal anesthesia. Twenty patients received ephedrine infusion (0.01% solution, beginning with approximately 5 mg/min) immediately after induction of spinal anesthesia to maintain maternal systolic blood pressure between 90% and 100% of the base line systolic blood pressure (mean dose of ephedrine 31.6 mg). Twenty-four patients (control group) received 20 mg of ephedrine as an intravenous bolus, and additional 10-mg increments, if necessary when systolic blood pressure decreased to 80% of the base line systolic blood pressure (mean dose of ephedrine 26.8 mg). In patients given the infusion, systolic blood pressure did not change significantly from the base line systolic blood pressure following spinal anesthesia (p greater than 0.1) and reactive hypertension did not occur. Nausea and/or vomiting occurred in nine women in the control group and one patient in the infusion group (p less than 0.01). Apgar scores, fetal blood gas tensions, and time for onset of respiration were comparable in the two groups. The results suggest that prophylactic ephedrine infusion is safe and desirable in healthy parturients undergoing cesarean section under spinal anesthesia.
将硫酸麻黄碱给予44例在脊髓麻醉下接受择期再次剖宫产的健康产妇。20例患者在脊髓麻醉诱导后立即接受麻黄碱输注（0.01%溶液，起始速度约为5mg/min），以维持产妇收缩压在基础收缩压的90%至100%之间（麻黄碱平均剂量为31.6mg）。24例患者（对照组）静脉推注20mg麻黄碱，必要时当收缩压降至基础收缩压的80%时再追加10mg剂量（麻黄碱平均剂量为26.8mg）。接受输注的患者，脊髓麻醉后收缩压与基础收缩压相比无显著变化（p>0.1），且未发生反应性高血压。对照组有9名女性和输注组有1名患者出现恶心和/或呕吐（p<0.01）。两组的阿氏评分、胎儿血气张力和呼吸开始时间相当。结果表明，对于在脊髓麻醉下接受剖宫产的健康产妇，预防性麻黄碱输注是安全且可取的。
