Mantovani A, Morganti L, Battelli G, Mantovani A, Poglayen G, Tampieri M P, Vecchi G
Folia Parasitol (Praha). 1982;29(3):279-84.
The problems associated with infections by dermatophytes and related fungi are discussed. Published and unpublished surveys of 1 481 wild animals of the orders Carnivora, Ungulata, Lagomorpha, Rodentia, Insectivora and Chiroptera and of 29 birds proved to be positive for fungi which were classified as potentially pathogenic zoophilic, potentially pathogenic geophilic and normally non-pathogenic geophilic. Trichophyton mentagrophytes var. mentagrophytes was isolated from 11% of rodents; the fungus was also isolated from Insectivora, the hare and the ibex. T. mentagrophytes var. erinacei was reported in the hedgehog. Microsporum canis was reported in rodents from anthropogenic areas. M. gypseum was reported in Ungulata, Lagomorpha and Rodentia; other geophilic fungi were found in all the orders investigated, with the exception of Chiroptera which proved to be constantly negative. The relationship between the presence of animals and the "animalization" of the environment, and the consequent presence of geophilic fungi is discussed. It is concluded that wild animals may play a role as carriers of dermatophytes and related fungi, may create environmental conditions favourable to their growth and may help to monitor the presence of a fungus in a given area.
本文讨论了皮肤癣菌及相关真菌感染所带来的问题。对1481只食肉目、偶蹄目、兔形目、啮齿目、食虫目和翼手目野生动物以及29只鸟类进行了已发表和未发表的调查，结果证明这些动物体内的真菌被分类为潜在致病性嗜动物性真菌、潜在致病性嗜土性真菌和通常非致病性嗜土性真菌。从11%的啮齿动物中分离出须癣毛癣菌变种须癣毛癣菌；该真菌还从食虫目动物、野兔和野山羊中分离得到。刺猬中报告有须癣毛癣菌变种刺猥癣菌。在人为活动区域的啮齿动物中报告有犬小孢子菌。在偶蹄目、兔形目和啮齿目动物中报告有石膏样小孢子菌；除翼手目动物经证实一直呈阴性外，在所有调查的目类动物中均发现了其他嗜土性真菌。文中讨论了动物的存在与环境“动物化”之间的关系，以及随之而来的嗜土性真菌的存在。得出的结论是，野生动物可能作为皮肤癣菌及相关真菌的携带者发挥作用，可能创造有利于其生长的环境条件，并可能有助于监测特定区域内真菌的存在情况。
