Raes J, Michelsson K, Dehaen F, Despontin M
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 1982 Jun;4(2):157-69. doi: 10.1016/0165-5876(82)90091-x.
Thirty induced pain cries from the same number of infants with infectious or congenital disorders of the larynx (infectious laryngitis, laryngomalacia, paresis of the recurrent nerve and subglottic stricture) have been analyzed by means of sound spectrography. For each cry 21 phonetic features have been evaluated. This cry material was then compared with 120 pain cries from healthy infants. In the pathological group a significant increase could be noted in the occurrence of the following cry attributes: second pause, abnormal melody types (rising, falling-rising, flat and no melody types), instability of the fundamental frequency, bi-phonation, vibrato, half-voiced voice quality, noise concentration, and inspiratory stridor. Furthermore, a significant decrease could be noticed in the occurrence of voiceless cries, falling and rising-falling melody types, and glottal roll. These findings show that such spectrographic features as very high maximum and minimum pitch, bi-phonation, gliding, and abnormal melody type occur more often in cries of infants with central nervous system involvement. Moreover, such parameters as instability of the fundamental frequency and noise concentration as indicators of neurologic disorders need further consideration. Except features of inspiratory stridor, this study revealed no really clear parameters typical of peripheral diseases of the vocal tract.
通过声谱分析对30名患有喉部感染性或先天性疾病（感染性喉炎、喉软化症、喉返神经麻痹和声门下狭窄）的婴儿发出的30次诱发性疼痛哭声进行了分析。对每次哭声的21个语音特征进行了评估。然后将这些哭声材料与120名健康婴儿的疼痛哭声进行了比较。在病理组中，以下哭声特征的出现频率显著增加：第二次停顿、异常旋律类型（上升型、先降后升型、平调型和无旋律型）、基频不稳定、双声、颤音、半浊音质、噪声集中和吸气性喘鸣。此外，无声哭声、下降型和先升后降型旋律以及声门滚动的出现频率显著降低。这些发现表明，诸如非常高的最高和最低音高、双声、滑音和异常旋律类型等声谱特征在患有中枢神经系统受累的婴儿哭声中更常出现。此外，诸如基频不稳定和噪声集中等作为神经系统疾病指标的参数需要进一步考虑。除了吸气性喘鸣的特征外，本研究没有发现真正明确的典型声道周围疾病参数。
