Mattox K L, Feliciano D V
J Trauma. 1982 Nov;22(11):934-6. doi: 10.1097/00005373-198211000-00008.
External cardiac compression (ECC) was originally developed for patients with nontraumatic cardiac conditions, but it is now used for a wide variety of emergency conditions. As an integral part of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), ECC coupled with forced pulmonary ventilation may NOT be applicable to cases of cardiac arrest following penetrating and blunt thoracic and abdominal trauma. Review of 100 patients with penetrating or blunt truncal trauma who received CPR and ECC more than 3 minutes prehospital revealed NO survivors despite continued aggressive resuscitative efforts in 49 of the patients upon arrival at a trauma center. Major cardiovascular disruption was found at thoracotomy or autopsy in all patients. In another 12 patients receiving forced ventilation and prehospital ECC, air embolism to the coronary arteries was the cause of death. CPR by paramedics, physicians, nurses, or lay persons does not appear to be of value in patients who have sustained cardiac arrest from truncal trauma.
体外心脏按压（ECC）最初是为非创伤性心脏疾病患者开发的，但现在已用于多种紧急情况。作为心肺复苏（CPR）的一个组成部分，ECC与强制肺通气相结合可能不适用于穿透性和钝性胸腹部创伤后的心脏骤停病例。回顾100例在院前接受CPR和ECC超过3分钟的穿透性或钝性躯干创伤患者，尽管49例患者在抵达创伤中心后继续进行积极的复苏努力，但无一例存活。所有患者在开胸手术或尸检时均发现严重心血管破坏。在另外12例接受强制通气和院前ECC的患者中，冠状动脉空气栓塞是死亡原因。护理人员、医生、护士或非专业人员进行的CPR对因躯干创伤导致心脏骤停的患者似乎没有价值。
