Krauskopf J, Williams D R, Heeley D W
Vision Res. 1982;22(9):1123-31. doi: 10.1016/0042-6989(82)90077-3.
Thresholds for detecting changes in color are raised following viewing a field sinusoidally modulated in color over time. This effect is highly selective. For example, thresholds for detecting reddish and greenish changes from white are raised following viewing a field varying in a reddish-greenish direction, but not after viewing one varying in a yellowish-bluish direction. Similarly thresholds for yellowish and bluish changes from white are raised following viewing a field varying along a yellowish-bluish axis but not altered by exposure to reddish-greenish variation. Thresholds for chromatic changes are not raised following viewing a field varying in luminance. Thresholds for changes in luminance are raised following viewing a field varying in luminance but not altered by exposure to purely chromatic variation. Since this selectivity is found only for these directions and not intermediate directions in color space we conclude that these directions are cardinal, that is, signals varying along these directions are carried along separate, fatiguable, second stage pathways. The results conform to the expectations of opponent process theory with the important exception that the yellowish-bluish cardinal direction is a tritanopic confusion line and not a red-green equilibrium line.
在观察一个随时间呈正弦颜色调制的视场后，检测颜色变化的阈值会提高。这种效应具有高度选择性。例如，在观察一个沿红绿色方向变化的视场后，检测从白色变为红色和绿色变化的阈值会提高，但在观察一个沿黄蓝色方向变化的视场后则不会。同样，在观察一个沿黄蓝色轴变化的视场后，检测从白色变为黄色和蓝色变化的阈值会提高，但暴露于红绿色变化不会改变该阈值。观察一个亮度变化的视场后，颜色变化的阈值不会提高。观察一个亮度变化的视场后，亮度变化的阈值会提高，但暴露于纯颜色变化不会改变该阈值。由于这种选择性仅在这些方向上发现，而不在颜色空间的中间方向上发现，我们得出结论，这些方向是基本方向，也就是说，沿这些方向变化的信号是通过单独的、易疲劳的第二阶段通路传递的。结果符合对立过程理论的预期，但重要的例外是黄蓝色基本方向是一条蓝色混淆线，而不是红绿色平衡线。
