Roy D, Waxman H L, Buxton A E, Marchlinski F E, Cain M E, Gardner M J, Josephson M E
Am J Cardiol. 1982 Dec;50(6):1346-50. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(82)90473-8.
The mode of termination of ventricular tachycardia (VT) and its relation to tachycardia cycle length was evaluated in 139 patients. Tachycardia was terminated by programmed stimulation in 110 patients (79%) and cardioversion was required in 29 patients (21%). Single, double, and triple ventricular extrastimuli terminated the tachycardia in 23 of 85 (27%), 39 of 62 (63%), and 7 of 16 patients (44%), respectively. In all patients requiring 1 extrastimulus, in 35 patients (90%) requiring 2 extrastimuli, and in 6 patients (86%) requiring 3 extrastimuli, the tachycardia cycle length exceeded 300 ms. Rapid ventricular pacing terminated tachycardia in 41 of 54 patients (76%). In 21 (51%) of these patients the tachycardia cycle length exceeded 300 ms. However, rapid ventricular pacing caused acceleration of the arrhythmia in 19 patients (35%). The ability of procainamide to modify the termination of VT was studied in 23 patients. In 7 of these patients (30%) procainamide increased the tachycardia cycle length by 49 +/- 42 ms (p less than 0.01) and did not modify the mode of termination. In 6 patients (26%) procainamide increased cycle length by 142 +/- 108 ms (p less than 0.01), but termination was more difficult. In 10 patients (44%) procainamide increased the cycle length by 138 +/- 110 ms (p less than 0.001) and termination was easier. We conclude that termination of VT by timed extrastimuli requires a tachycardia cycle length longer than 300 ms. Rapid pacing or cardioversion is usually required when the cycle length is less than 300 ms. Although procainamide slows tachycardia, it can unpredictably make termination more difficult in 1 of 4 patients.
