Kelly M T
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1982 Oct;44(4):820-4. doi: 10.1128/aem.44.4.820-824.1982.
Vibrio (Beneckea) vulnificus is a recently recognized halophilic organism that may cause serious human infections. Patients infected with V. vulnificus often have a history of exposure to the sea, suggesting that the organism may be a common inhabitant of marine environments. Twenty-one inshore sites around Galveston Island in the Gulf of Mexico were cultured for V. vulnificus over a 12-month period. The organism was recovered from all but one of the sites at some time during the study. It was frequently isolated during the summer and fall from environments of relatively low salinity (7 to 16%). V. vulnificus was rarely isolated from any of the sites during the winter months, when water temperatures dropped below 20 degrees C. In vitro growth characteristics of environmental isolates of V. vulnificus demonstrated salinity optima of 1.0 to 2.0% NaCl and a temperature optimum of 37 degrees C. These growth characteristics may account for the seasonal and geographical variations in occurrence of the organism. Overall, the results of these studies indicate that V. vulnificus is commonly found in Gulf Coast environments and that the occurrence of the organism is favored by warm temperatures and relatively low salinity.
创伤弧菌（原名为副溶血弧菌）是一种最近才被认识的嗜盐微生物，可导致严重的人类感染。感染创伤弧菌的患者常有接触海水的病史，这表明该微生物可能是海洋环境中的常见居民。在12个月的时间里，对墨西哥湾加尔维斯顿岛周围的21个近海地点进行了创伤弧菌培养。在研究期间的某个时候，除了一个地点外，其他所有地点都分离出了该微生物。在夏季和秋季，它经常从盐度相对较低（7%至16%）的环境中分离出来。在冬季，当水温降至20摄氏度以下时，很少从任何地点分离出创伤弧菌。创伤弧菌环境分离株的体外生长特性表明，其最适盐度为1.0%至2.0%氯化钠，最适温度为37摄氏度。这些生长特性可能解释了该微生物出现的季节性和地理差异。总体而言，这些研究结果表明，创伤弧菌在墨西哥湾沿岸环境中普遍存在，温暖的温度和相对较低的盐度有利于该微生物的出现。
