Mayura K, Hayes A W, Berndt W O
Toxicology. 1982;25(4):311-22. doi: 10.1016/0300-483x(82)90109-3.
Teratogenic effects of secalonic acid D (SAD), a toxic fungal metabolite, produced by P. oxalicum has been studied in rats. Crystalline SAD was injected as a single subcutaneous dose (25 mg/kg) on one of the gestation day 6-10, 12 or 14. Pregnant rats were treated with 15 mg/kg SAD on gestation day 10. Both doses produced teratogenic and fetotoxic effects, although the effects produced with the lower dose were less marked. Treatment on days 9 and 10 resulted in increased fetal resorptions and decreased fetal body weights. The highest number of resorptions, greatest depression of fetal body weights and largest number of malformations occurred when SAD was injected on day 10. Anophthalmia (days 9 and 10), exencephaly (day 9) and defects in limbs, digits and tail (day 10) were the major gross malformations. The main internal soft tissue defects were hydronephrosis (days 9 and 10) and tracheo-esophageal fistula and renal agenesis (day 10). Major skeletal defects involved the vertebrae and ribs. For all of the abnormalities observed, administration of SAD on day 10 of gestation produced the most marked effects in rats.
对由草酸青霉产生的有毒真菌代谢产物——secalonic酸D（SAD）的致畸作用，已在大鼠中进行了研究。在妊娠第6 - 10天、12天或14天中的一天，以单次皮下注射剂量（25毫克/千克）注射结晶SAD。在妊娠第10天，对怀孕大鼠用15毫克/千克的SAD进行处理。两种剂量均产生了致畸和胚胎毒性作用，尽管较低剂量产生的作用不太明显。在第9天和第10天进行处理导致胎儿吸收增加和胎儿体重下降。当在第10天注射SAD时，吸收数量最多、胎儿体重下降最明显且畸形数量最多。无眼畸形（第9天和第10天）、脑膨出（第9天）以及四肢、指（趾）和尾巴缺陷（第10天）是主要的大体畸形。主要的内部软组织缺陷是肾积水（第9天和第10天）、气管食管瘘和肾缺如（第10天）。主要的骨骼缺陷涉及椎骨和肋骨。对于观察到的所有异常情况，在妊娠第10天给予SAD在大鼠中产生的影响最为明显。
