Hori A, Fischer G, Dietrich-Schott B, Ikeda K
Clin Neuropathol. 1982;1(1):23-30.
Four types of rare human spinal cord duplications are reported. (1) Dimyelia, a complete duplication of the spinal cord, was observed in a female stillborn dicephalus dibrachius. Histologically the two spinal cords showed symmetric medial hemihypoplasia that included the roots. (2) Diplomyelia, an isolated accessory spinal cord without roots at the ventral lumbosacral level, was observed in a newborn female with a cardiovascular malformation. (3) Complex diastematomyelia: a 9-day-old boy had Arnold-Chiari malformation and an additional diastematomyelia with thoracic meningomyelocele; the left branch of the cord showed further complex multifurcations. (4) Typical diastematomyelia was observed in a stillborn female, born to an adolescent mother at 34 weeks of gestation. The term dimyelia is used to express the condition of total duplication of the spinal cord, by analogy to the term dicephalus in the case of duplicitas. Diastematomyelia means a lateral bifurcation of the spinal cord, independent of whether or not the branches show completely differentiated cord structures with four columns and segmental roots. The term diplomyelia, on the other hand, should be limited to cases of an isolated accessory spinal cord, ventral or dorsal to the normal cord.
本文报告了四种罕见的人类脊髓重复类型。（1）双脊髓畸形，即脊髓完全重复，在一名死产的双头双臂女婴中被观察到。组织学上，两条脊髓显示出对称的内侧半发育不全，包括神经根。（2）双脊髓，即腰骶部腹侧水平出现的一条无神经根的孤立副脊髓，在一名患有心血管畸形的新生女婴中被观察到。（3）复杂型脊髓纵裂：一名9天大的男婴患有阿诺德 - 奇亚里畸形以及额外的伴有胸段脊膜脊髓膨出的脊髓纵裂；脊髓左侧分支呈现出进一步复杂的多叉分支。（4）典型脊髓纵裂在一名34周妊娠时出生的死产女婴中被观察到，其母亲为青少年。双脊髓这个术语用于表示脊髓完全重复的情况，类似于双头畸形中的双头一词。脊髓纵裂意味着脊髓的侧向分叉，无论分支是否显示出具有四列和节段性神经根的完全分化的脊髓结构。另一方面，双脊髓这个术语应仅限于在正常脊髓腹侧或背侧出现的孤立副脊髓的情况。
