Gansau H, Becker U
Scan Electron Microsc. 1982(Pt 1):107-14.
Wide strips of adhesive tape (40 mm x 86 mm) are pressed for about one minute on the thumb, forefinger and outer edge of a subject's hand. Subsequently these tapes are fixed to a cylinder that rotates within the SEM chamber and is adjustable in an axial direction. The tapes are scanned for possible GSR particles with simultaneous SE and X-ray imaging. The X-ray signal caused by particles of high atomic number automatically stops the rotating cylinder, and the EDX spectrum of the suspect particle is produced within five seconds. A chart is then plotted to record the size, elemental composition, morphology and tape coordinates of the particles of interest. The outcome is a complete map of GSR particles found on certain parts of the hand, and this map has a characteristic pattern depending on the firearm used, the ammunition and the circumstances of the shooting incident. The time lapse between firing and sampling may allow this GSR pattern to change, but this method is helpful in suicide/homicide decisions.
将宽胶带（40毫米×86毫米）按压在受试者手部的拇指、食指和外缘约一分钟。随后，将这些胶带固定在扫描电子显微镜（SEM）腔内旋转且轴向可调节的圆柱体上。通过同时进行二次电子（SE）和X射线成像来扫描胶带，寻找可能存在的枪击残留物（GSR）颗粒。高原子序数颗粒产生的X射线信号会自动使旋转的圆柱体停止转动，并在五秒内生成可疑颗粒的能谱图（EDX）。然后绘制图表记录感兴趣颗粒的尺寸、元素组成、形态和胶带坐标。结果是手部特定部位上发现的GSR颗粒的完整图谱，并且该图谱根据所用枪支、弹药和枪击事件情况具有特征性图案。开枪与采样之间的时间间隔可能会使这种GSR图案发生变化，但该方法有助于做出自杀/他杀的判定。
