Landesman S H, Rao S P, Ahonkhai V I
Am J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 1982 Winter;4(4):407-18. doi: 10.1097/00043426-198224000-00008.
Pneumococcal sepsis and/or meningitis are major causes of morbidity and mortality in young children with sickle cell disease. Abnormal complement activity, poor splenic function and a lack of type-specific pneumococcal antibody are responsible for the severity and frequency of these infections. A program consisting of early institution of antibiotic therapy for febrile episodes, antimicrobial prophylaxis, and administration of pneumococcal vaccine may be effective in reducing the incidence of pneumococcal disease. Specific guidelines for infection prevention are presented. Other infections that are more frequent or more severe in children with sickle cell disease (e.g., Salmonella, Haemophilus and mycoplasma infections) are also discussed.
肺炎球菌败血症和/或脑膜炎是镰状细胞病幼儿发病和死亡的主要原因。补体活性异常、脾脏功能不佳以及缺乏型特异性肺炎球菌抗体导致了这些感染的严重性和频发率。一个包括对发热发作尽早进行抗生素治疗、抗菌预防以及接种肺炎球菌疫苗的方案，可能对降低肺炎球菌疾病的发病率有效。文中给出了具体的感染预防指南。还讨论了镰状细胞病患儿中更常见或更严重的其他感染（如沙门氏菌、嗜血杆菌和支原体感染）。
