von der Porten K, Parsons D W, Rothman B S, Pinsker H
Behav Neural Biol. 1982 Sep;36(1):1-23. doi: 10.1016/s0163-1047(82)90201-1.
Swimming of Aplysia brasiliana was analyzed using time-lapse video and computer graphics techniques to quantify the cyclical movements of different regions of the parapodia. Both the speed of swimming and the period of oscillation are temperature dependent, whereas the metachronal offset is not. The parapodial arterial supply is described; ligation of parapodial arteries does not affect the parapodial motions. Peripheral and central lesions indicated that (1) the anterior parapodial nerve plays the major role in parapodial flapping, (2) a separate neuronal oscillator resides in each pedal ganglion, (3) bilateral coordination is mediated via the pedal commissure, and (4) the swimming "command" pathway is the cerebro-pedal connective. During regular parapodial flapping the speed of level midwater swimming is constant throughout the cycle, suggesting that swimming is not produced by jet propulsion. An alternative propulsion model is advanced.
利用延时视频和计算机图形技术对巴西海兔的游泳进行了分析，以量化鳃足不同区域的周期性运动。游泳速度和摆动周期均与温度有关，而异相偏移则与温度无关。文中描述了鳃足的动脉供应；结扎鳃足动脉并不影响鳃足的运动。外周和中枢损伤表明：（1）前鳃足神经在鳃足拍打中起主要作用；（2）每个足神经节中存在一个独立的神经元振荡器；（3）双侧协调通过足连合介导；（4）游泳“指令”通路是脑-足连接。在鳃足有规律地拍打过程中，水平中层水游泳的速度在整个周期内保持恒定，这表明游泳不是由喷气推进产生的。文中提出了一种替代的推进模型。
