Stahl S M, Yesavage J A, Berger P A
J Clin Psychiatry. 1982 Nov;43(11):445-6.
Idiopathic orofacial dyskinesia, also called Brueghel's syndrome, blepharospasm-oromandibular dystonia, and Meige dystonia, is characterized by involuntary facial movements. Since this disorder can be difficult to distinguish from tardive dyskinesia, we have generated a neuropharmacologic profile of Meige dystonia. Symptoms were improved by antagonists of both dopamine and acetylcholine and worsened by the cholinergic agonist physostigmine, consistent with a hypothesis of relative excess in both dopamine and acetylcholine neuronal activities. Since tardive dyskinesia is hypothesized to be characterized by dopamine excess and acetylcholine deficiency, a physostigmine infusion may help differentiate these two disorders by exacerbating Meige dystonia but improving tardive dyskinesia.
特发性口面部运动障碍，也称为勃鲁盖尔综合征、眼睑痉挛 - 口下颌肌张力障碍和梅杰肌张力障碍，其特征为面部不自主运动。由于这种疾病可能难以与迟发性运动障碍区分开来，我们已经建立了梅杰肌张力障碍的神经药理学特征。多巴胺和乙酰胆碱的拮抗剂均可改善症状，而胆碱能激动剂毒扁豆碱则会使症状恶化，这与多巴胺和乙酰胆碱神经元活动相对过度的假说一致。由于迟发性运动障碍的假说特征是多巴胺过量和乙酰胆碱缺乏，静脉输注毒扁豆碱可能有助于区分这两种疾病，因为它会加重梅杰肌张力障碍，但改善迟发性运动障碍。
