Rawn G P, Webster G R, Muir D C
J Environ Sci Health B. 1982;17(5):463-86. doi: 10.1080/03601238209372335.
In 1979 and 1980, outdoor artificial ponds were treated with 14C-permethrin (labelled at either the cyclopropyl or methylene position) at 0.028 kg/ha (15 ug/L). Uptake of permethrin by duckweed and hydrosoil was monitored by direct combustion, TLC-autoradiography, HPLC, and liquid scintillation counting. Rapid loss of permethrin from the water coincided with the detection of five degradation products in the water at concentrations below 2.0 ug/L. The products were cis- and trans-cyclopropyl acid, phenoxybenzoic acid, and phenoxybenzyl alcohol, and an unknown non-cleaved product of permethrin. Permethrin was readily sorbed by duckweed but was not persistent. Permethrin residues in the hydrosoil, which was the major sink for permethrin added to the ponds, were persistent and were detected at 420 days post-treatment. Cis-permethrin was more persistent in the hydrosoil than the trans-permethrin. The results indicated that permethrin in water was short-lived at an application rate of 15 ug/L because of the rapid degradation of permethrin in the water and sorption of permethrin by the hydrosoil and vegetation. However, at one year post-treatment, permethrin residues were still detected in the hydrosoil at 1.0 ug/kg.
1979年和1980年，户外人工池塘用浓度为0.028千克/公顷（15微克/升）的14C-氯菊酯（标记于环丙基或亚甲基位置）进行处理。通过直接燃烧、薄层色谱-放射自显影、高效液相色谱和液体闪烁计数法监测浮萍和水土壤对氯菊酯的吸收情况。水中氯菊酯的快速损失与在水中检测到浓度低于2.0微克/升的五种降解产物同时发生。这些产物为顺式和反式环丙基酸、苯氧基苯甲酸、苯氧基苄醇以及氯菊酯的一种未知未裂解产物。氯菊酯很容易被浮萍吸附，但并非持久性物质。水土壤是添加到池塘中的氯菊酯的主要归宿，处理后420天仍能检测到水土壤中的氯菊酯残留。顺式氯菊酯在水土壤中的持久性比反式氯菊酯更强。结果表明，由于水中氯菊酯的快速降解以及水土壤和植被对氯菊酯的吸附，以15微克/升的施用量时，水中的氯菊酯寿命较短。然而，处理后一年，在水土壤中仍能检测到浓度为1.0微克/千克的氯菊酯残留。
