Pope H, Ferguson M D
Int J Aging Hum Dev. 1982;15(1):51-74. doi: 10.2190/8p8h-rvq1-cquu-h67y.
Some social gerontologists have argued that the aged status in America results in distrust of and despair with the social order (anomia) independent of other determinants: lack of access to the means of achievement of life goals and social isolation. This argument was tested with a multivariate regression analysis utilizing data on 354 white men aged forty and older from the 1974 General Social Survey. The Srole anomia scale was used as the dependent variable. Multiple indicators of life chances and social participation were used; health and verbal intelligence were employed as controls. The results showed no relationship between age or other indicators of life chances and anomia, net of education and/or verbal intelligence. Prior studies reporting that age and anomia are causally related probably have done so due to lack of adequate control variables and/or due to cohort effects from the lesser education of the older population in the United States. Compared when employing appropriate controls, aged American males are not more anomic than middle-aged males.
一些社会老年学家认为，在美国，老年人的地位导致了对社会秩序的不信任和绝望（失范），这与其他决定因素无关：无法获得实现生活目标的手段以及社会孤立。利用1974年综合社会调查中354名40岁及以上白人男性的数据，通过多元回归分析对这一论点进行了检验。使用斯罗尔失范量表作为因变量。使用了生活机会和社会参与的多个指标；健康和语言智力作为控制变量。结果表明，在扣除教育和/或语言智力因素后，年龄或其他生活机会指标与失范之间没有关系。先前报告年龄与失范存在因果关系的研究，可能是由于缺乏足够的控制变量和/或由于美国老年人口教育程度较低的队列效应。与采用适当控制措施时相比，美国老年男性并不比中年男性更失范。
