Grupp L A, Perlanski E
Subst Alcohol Actions Misuse. 1982;3(6):331-6.
Specific behavioural procedures have been developed which lead animals to give themselves electric shock. The present study investigated the possibility that the same set of procedures would lead to intravenous (i.v.) ethanol self-administration. Three rats were trained to press a bar under a concurrent schedule which delivered food pellets on a variable interval (VI) 60 sec or 120 sec schedule and ethanol infusions on a fixed interval (FI) 600 sec schedule. A fourth animal was trained under the same concurrent schedule with vehicle rather than ethanol infusions. When the food schedule was subsequently omitted (extinction) and only ethanol was presented for responding, bar pressing rapidly extinguished. In one animal tested with a very high dose of ethanol, drug-elicited bar pressing indicative of an aversive reaction to the drug was observed. Although similar procedures are sufficient to engender response-produced shock presentation they were not successful in fostering i.v. ethanol self-administration and by implication, in establishing ethanol as a positive reinforcer.
已经开发出特定的行为程序，可使动物对自己施加电击。本研究调查了同一套程序是否会导致静脉内（i.v.）乙醇自我给药的可能性。三只大鼠被训练在并发程序下按压杠杆，该程序按可变间隔（VI）60秒或120秒的时间表提供食物颗粒，并按固定间隔（FI）600秒的时间表输注乙醇。第四只动物在相同的并发程序下接受训练，使用的是赋形剂而非乙醇输注。当随后省略食物程序（消退），仅呈现乙醇以供反应时，杠杆按压迅速消退。在用非常高剂量乙醇测试的一只动物中，观察到药物引发的杠杆按压，表明对该药物有厌恶反应。尽管类似的程序足以产生由反应引起的电击呈现，但它们未能成功促进静脉内乙醇自我给药，这意味着未能将乙醇确立为阳性强化物。
