Urdal D L, Kawase I, Henney C S
Cancer Metastasis Rev. 1982;1(1):65-81. doi: 10.1007/BF00049481.
NK cells lyse an uncommonly wide range of cell types, implying either that they (the NK cells) have clonally distributed receptors each of which is capable of interacting with a very limited number of cell types or, alternatively, that susceptible target cells share a common characteristic. A number of experimental approaches have suggested that the cytotoxic 'specificity' of NK cells is not clonally distributed. Thus, clones of NK cells, established from mouse spleen cell suspensions, showed no greater restriction in the spectrum of target cells which they could lyse, than did the parent spleen cell populations from which they were derived. It seems likely therefore that the wide range of target cell types that can be lysed by NK cells share common cell surface characteristics which render them susceptible. As lysis results from membrane-membrane interactions, it seemed logical that a search for 'hallmarks' of NK susceptibility should begin with a detailed examination of the plasma membrane of susceptible cells. Analysis of one pair of lymphoma cell variants, selected on account of their markedly different susceptibility to NK cells, suggests that cell surface glycoconjugates may be of significance in determining those effector cell-target cell interactions that lead to lysis. This review outlines attempts to characterize such glycoconjugates.
自然杀伤细胞（NK细胞）能够裂解异常广泛的细胞类型，这意味着要么它们（NK细胞）具有克隆分布的受体，其中每个受体仅能与非常有限数量的细胞类型相互作用；要么易被攻击的靶细胞具有共同特征。许多实验方法表明，NK细胞的细胞毒性“特异性”并非克隆分布。因此，从小鼠脾细胞悬液中建立的NK细胞克隆，与其来源的亲代脾细胞群体相比，在其能够裂解的靶细胞谱方面没有表现出更大的限制。所以，很可能NK细胞能够裂解的广泛靶细胞类型具有共同的细胞表面特征，从而使它们易于被攻击。由于裂解是由膜与膜之间的相互作用导致的，因此，寻找NK细胞易感性的“标志”，从详细检查易感细胞的质膜开始似乎是合乎逻辑的。对一对淋巴瘤细胞变体进行分析，这对变体因对NK细胞的敏感性明显不同而被挑选出来，结果表明细胞表面糖缀合物可能在决定导致裂解的效应细胞与靶细胞相互作用中具有重要意义。本综述概述了表征此类糖缀合物的尝试。
