Simmons F B
Laryngoscope. 1980 Mar;90(3):448-53. doi: 10.1002/lary.5540900311.
The Crib-o-gram neonatal hearing screening project has detected 42 babies with handicapping degrees of hearing loss, mainly sensorineural. In apparently normal newborns the incidence is 1:1000 births. For graduates of the sick baby (intensive care) nursery, it is 1:52. Intrauterine and neonatal anoxia occurred in 73% of the latter group and was clearly the most common risk factor. Aminoglycosides had no obvious effect. The correlation between specific items in the medical histories and threshold pure tone audiograms was poor and unpredictable for any individual child. In general, anoxia tends to be associated with increased high-frequency hearing loss. Hearing losses were asymmetrical in 43% and probably progressive in 32% (average increase, 33 db). Only one child may have developed the hearing loss after hospital discharge, thus indicating that most, if not all, early childhood deafness is present in the neonatal period.
“摇篮图”新生儿听力筛查项目已检测出42例有致残性听力损失的婴儿，主要为感音神经性听力损失。在看似正常的新生儿中，发病率为1:1000。在重症监护病房的患病新生儿中，发病率为1:52。后一组中有73%的婴儿发生过宫内和新生儿缺氧，这显然是最常见的危险因素。氨基糖苷类药物没有明显影响。病史中的具体项目与纯音听阈图之间的相关性对于任何单个儿童来说都很差且不可预测。一般来说，缺氧往往与高频听力损失增加有关。43%的听力损失为不对称性，32%可能呈进行性（平均增加33分贝）。只有一名儿童可能在出院后出现听力损失，因此表明即使不是所有的幼儿期耳聋，大多数在新生儿期就已存在。
