Cohen M S, Rudolph A M, Melmon K L
Dev Pharmacol Ther. 1980;1(1):58-69.
We wanted to determine if naloxone antagonizes the direct effects of morphine transferred from the mother to her fetus and if this antagonism resembles fetal narcotic withdrawal. After continuous infusions of morphine into pregnant ewes, injections of naloxone into their fetuses produced increases in fetal arterial blood presure; decreases in fetal heart rate, arterial blood pH, and PO2; and defecation of meconium. There were no maternal responses. Injections of naloxone into the mothers produced the same fetal responses and narcotic withdrawal responses in the mothers. Naloxone, therefore, antagonized the direct effects of morphine in the fetus, and this antagonism produced responses resembling narcotic withdrawal.
我们想确定纳洛酮是否能拮抗从母体转移至胎儿体内的吗啡的直接作用，以及这种拮抗作用是否类似于胎儿的麻醉剂戒断反应。在向怀孕母羊持续输注吗啡后，向其胎儿注射纳洛酮会导致胎儿动脉血压升高；胎儿心率、动脉血pH值和PO2降低；以及胎粪排出。母体无反应。向母体注射纳洛酮会在胎儿身上产生相同的反应，并在母体中引发麻醉剂戒断反应。因此，纳洛酮拮抗了吗啡对胎儿的直接作用，且这种拮抗作用产生了类似于麻醉剂戒断的反应。
