Torfs C P, Milkovich L, van den Berg B J
Am J Epidemiol. 1981 May;113(5):563-74. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113133.
In a prospective study of some 20,000 pregnancies in the Child Health and Development Studies in the San Francisco East Bay area, 226 gravidas were tested for pregnancy with estrogen/progestogen preparations. The two control groups were women who were tested for pregnancy by either a serum or urine test. There were no statistically differences (p greater than 0.05) in the rates of severe congenital anomalies between the hormone test group and the two control groups. The relative risks and the 95% confidence intervals were 1.01 (0.47-2.19) for the hormone/serum test comparison and 1.60 (0.60-4.18) for the hormone/urine test comparison.
在旧金山东湾地区儿童健康与发展研究中对约20000例妊娠进行的一项前瞻性研究中，226名孕妇接受了雌激素/孕激素制剂妊娠检测。两个对照组为通过血清或尿液检测妊娠的女性。激素检测组与两个对照组之间严重先天性异常的发生率无统计学差异（p大于0.05）。激素/血清检测比较的相对风险及95%置信区间为1.01（0.47 - 2.19），激素/尿液检测比较的相对风险及95%置信区间为1.60（0.60 - 4.18）。
