Miczek K A, Woolley J, Schlisserman S, Yoshimura H
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1981;14 Suppl 1:103-7. doi: 10.1016/s0091-3057(81)80017-2.
Two series of experiments were performed to differentiate the effects of d-amphetamine on social interactions from those on solitary motor behavior in adult and juvenile squirrel monkeys. In the first experiment, d-amphetamine (3x0.5 mg/kg, PO) induced pronounced stereotyped movements of the head, limbs and torso. When confronted in the colony room with an intruder monkey, the amphetamine-treated resident monkey showed reduced threat and attack behavior. In a separate test for affiliation, amphetamine nearly abolished the affiliative response toward a familiar group member. In a second series of experiments, d-amphetamine (0.3, 1.0 mg/kg, IM) decreased the affiliative behavior of juvenile monkeys towards their mothers; yet, in the presence of an unfamiliar adult male, the detrimental effect of amphetamine on affiliative behavior was prevented. Morphine (0.5, 2.0 mg/kg) increased the affiliative response toward the mother, and chlordiazepoxide (5, 10 mg/kg) was without effect in this situation. These observations suggest that amphetamine impairs a range of social behavior in adult and juvenile monkeys. The general disruption of agonistic and affiliative behaviors due to amphetamine appears to be based on mechanisms which differ from those mediating stereotyped movements. Stimulant-induced changes in social interactions in primates may be linked to disturbed affect.
进行了两组实验，以区分右旋苯丙胺对成年和幼年松鼠猴社交互动的影响与对单独运动行为的影响。在第一个实验中，右旋苯丙胺（3×0.5毫克/千克，口服）诱发了头部、四肢和躯干明显的刻板运动。当在群体饲养室中与一只入侵猴对峙时，接受苯丙胺治疗的常驻猴表现出威胁和攻击行为减少。在一项单独的亲和性测试中，苯丙胺几乎消除了对熟悉群体成员的亲和反应。在第二组实验中，右旋苯丙胺（0.3、1.0毫克/千克，肌肉注射）降低了幼年猴对其母亲的亲和行为；然而，在有陌生成年雄性在场的情况下，苯丙胺对亲和行为的有害影响得到了预防。吗啡（0.5、2.0毫克/千克）增加了对母亲的亲和反应，而氯氮卓（5、10毫克/千克）在这种情况下没有效果。这些观察结果表明，苯丙胺会损害成年和幼年猴的一系列社交行为。苯丙胺导致的攻击和亲和行为的普遍破坏似乎基于与介导刻板运动的机制不同的机制。灵长类动物中兴奋剂引起的社交互动变化可能与情感紊乱有关。
