Renal complications of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum.

The use of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum II (DDP), an active agent against special cancer types, is limited by its nephrotoxicity. It damages the proximal tubular epithelium and may cause specific tubular dysfunctions, such as elevation of enzymes and 2 beta microglobulin in the urine or, under special conditions, low calcium and/or magnesium serum concentrations. Cis-diamminedichloroplatinum II produces acute renal failure which can be prevented by hydration. The value of diuretics in preventing renal failure is not determined and needs to be evaluated further.