Ounsted M K, Chalmers C A, Yudkin P L
Early Hum Dev. 1978 Apr;2(1):73-80. doi: 10.1016/0378-3782(78)90053-1.
During studies on different aspects of fetal growth rate infants who were small-for-dates (SFD) large-for-dates (LFD) or within the normal range of birthweight for length of gestation (AFD) were examined within 48 h of birth. Gestational age was clinically assessed by the Dubowitz method. Among 140 AFD infants boys had higher mean values than girls for total and external scores, but there was no difference in neurological scores. Multiple regression of the score for external criteria on gestation, birthweight and sex, showed a significant contribution for birthweight and sex in addition to gestation; whereas gestation was the only singificant explanatory variable in the regression of the score for neurological criteria. When infants in the three weight groups were matched for length of gestation an sex, the SFD group had significantly lower mean total and external scores than the AFD group. The mean scores for the LFD group were not significantly higher than the AFD group. The neurological scores did not differ in the three groups. Maturation of external characteristics is related to weight as well as gestation. When assessment is made after birth by a clinical examination which includes these characteristics, the length of gestation of some SFD infants will be underestimated. The sex of the infant should also be borne in mind.
在对胎儿生长速率不同方面的研究中，对出生体重低于胎龄（SFD）、高于胎龄（LFD）或出生体重在妊娠时长正常范围内（AFD）的婴儿在出生后48小时内进行了检查。妊娠龄通过杜波维茨方法进行临床评估。在140名AFD婴儿中，男孩的总评分和外观评分平均值高于女孩，但神经学评分没有差异。对外观标准评分进行妊娠周数、出生体重和性别的多元回归分析显示，除妊娠周数外，出生体重和性别也有显著贡献；而在神经学标准评分的回归分析中，妊娠周数是唯一显著的解释变量。当对三个体重组的婴儿按妊娠周数和性别进行匹配时，SFD组的总评分和外观评分平均值显著低于AFD组。LFD组的平均评分并不显著高于AFD组。三组的神经学评分没有差异。外观特征的成熟与体重以及妊娠周数有关。当通过包括这些特征的临床检查在出生后进行评估时，一些SFD婴儿的妊娠周数会被低估。婴儿的性别也应予以考虑。
