Oddershede I R, Elizondo R S
J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1980 Sep;49(3):431-7. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1980.49.3.431.
The purpose of this study was to examine body fluid adjustments during prolonged resting heat exposure in primates. Rhesus monkeys were acclimated for 35 days at 35 degrees C and 30% rh. Red cell mass, extracellular fluid volume (ECF), and total body water (TBW) were determined with 51Cr, 35SO4, and 3H2O, respectively, prior to and at intervals during heat exposure. Heat acclimation was characterized by a fluid shift from the interstitial compartment. In relation to TBW, interstitial fluid volume and ECF decreased 10.3 and 8.3%, respectively, while plasma volume (PV) and intracellular fluid were increased an average of 5.8 and 3.8%. TBW increased 4.8% during heat exposure. Hematocrit and hemoglobin decreased significantly on day 3 (7.9 and 6.5%) followed by a return toward control values. PV in relation to TBW remained elevated throughout the exposure. An increased drinking (25.0%) was associated with a decrease in caloric intake (30.7%) during heat acclimation. This study has provided a complete body fluid compartment analysis during resting heat acclimation in the rhesus monkey. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that heat acclimation in primates is characterized by a protein and fluid shift from the interstitial fluid compartment to the cardiovascular system and to the intracellular compartment.
本研究的目的是检测灵长类动物在长时间静息热暴露期间的体液调节情况。将恒河猴在35摄氏度、相对湿度30%的环境中适应35天。在热暴露之前及期间每隔一段时间，分别用51铬、35硫酸根和重水测定红细胞量、细胞外液量（ECF）和总体水（TBW）。热适应的特征是液体从组织间隙转移。相对于总体水，组织间隙液量和细胞外液量分别减少了10.3%和8.3%，而血浆量（PV）和细胞内液平均增加了5.8%和3.8%。热暴露期间总体水增加了4.8%。第3天时血细胞比容和血红蛋白显著下降（分别为7.9%和6.5%），随后又恢复到对照值。在整个暴露期间，相对于总体水的血浆量一直保持升高。在热适应期间，饮水量增加（25.0%）与热量摄入减少（30.7%）相关。本研究提供了恒河猴静息热适应期间完整的体液区室分析。我们的结果与以下假设一致，即灵长类动物的热适应特征是蛋白质和液体从组织间隙液区室转移到心血管系统和细胞内区室。
